- Heart Anatomy
- Introduction
- Overview course and sections
- Heart anatomy basics
- Major veins and arteries
- Parts of the heart and pericardium layers
- Heart valves
- Outflow tracts
- Various lead placements
-
- 3 electrode, 4 electrode, 5 electrode
-
- Hemodynamics
- What is hemodynamics
- Blood flow through the heart
- Blood pressure
- Cardiac cycle
- Cardiac output, stroke volume, ejection fraction
- Preload, afterload, contractility
- CVP, PCWP, PVR, SVR, PAP, Cardiac index
- ECG Paper, Waveforms, Intervals, Rate
- ECG Paper
- Amplitude and time for the squares
- Waves: P, Q, QRS, T, U
- PR segment
- PR interval
- QT interval
- ST segment
- Heart rate calculation
- ECG Paper
- Vectors and Axis
- Intrinsic pathway of the heart
- Action potential of pacemaker cells
- Action potential of cardiomyocytes
- Electrodes
- Limb lead vectors (unipolar and bipolar)
- Einthoven’s triangle
- Precordial leads
- Cardiac axis
- Normal, left axis deviation (physiological/pathological, right axis deviation, extreme axis deviation
- Lead II Interpretation
Atrial rhythms
- Sinus rhythms
- Normal sinus
- Sinus bradycardia
- Sinus tachycardia
- Sinus arrhythmia
- Sinoatrial block
- Sinus arrest
- PAC
- Atrial flutter
- Atrial fibrillation
- Wandering atrial pacemaker
- Multifocal atrial tachycardia
Junctional rhythms
- Junctional bradycardia
- Junctional rhythm
- Accelerated junctional rhythm
- Junctional tachycardia
- PJC
- Supraventricular tachycardia (SVT)
Ventricular rhythms
- Ventricular escape/idioventricular
- Accelerated idioventricular
- Ventricular tachycardia (monomorphic and polymorphic)
- Ventricular fibrillation
- Ventricular flutter
- PVC
- Asystole
- Ventricular standstill
Heart blocks
- First degree
- Second degree (type 1 and 2)
- Third degree
Lead II Interpretation steps
- Heart blocks made easy
- First degree
- Visual
- Second degree
- Visual
- Third degree
- Visual
- First degree
- 12 Lead Interpretation
- 12 lead interpretation steps
- Rate (irregular and regular rhythms)
- Rhythm
- Axis
- Intervals/waveforms
- Atrial enlargement
- Bundle branch blocks
- Left bundle branch block
- Right bundle branch block
- Hemiblocks
- Left anterior fascicular block
- Left posterior fascicular block
- Hypertrophy
-
- Left ventricular hypertrophy
- Right ventricular hypertrophy
7. Infarction
-
-
- Coronary arteries and ECG sites
-
- STEMIs and Locations
- Ischemia and impact on Na/K pump
- Current of injury theory
- Theory on ST depression
- Theory on ST elevation
- Types of STEMIs
- Circumflex artery
- Left anterior descending (LAD)
- Right coronary artery (RCA)
- Occlusion Myocardial Infarction (OMI)
- Types of myocardial infarction
- STEMI
- OMI
- Types of myocardial infarction
- NSTEMI
- T Waves
- Normal
- Hyperacute
- Inferior OMI
- Lateral OMI
- Anterior OMI
- Flavors of Ventricular Tachycardia
- Monomorphic
- Outflow tract tachycardias
- Right outflow tract tachycardia
- Left outflow tract tachycardia
- Fascicular
- Left anterior fascicular ventricular tachycardia
- Left posterior fascicular ventricular tachycardia
- Polymorphic
- Torsades de Pointes
- Bidirectional
- Fusion and capture beats
- Bundle branch re-entrant ventricular tachycardia
- Outflow tract tachycardias
- Monomorphic
- Cardiac Seizures
- Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
- Arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy/dysplasia
- Fontaine lead
- Brugada Sign
- Atrial Flutter
- What is atrial flutter?
- Types of atrial flutter
- Hidden atrial flutter
- ECG findings
- Bix rule
- Lewis lead
- AVNRT
- Breakdown on pathways
- Slow-fast
- Fast-slow
- Slow-slow
- ECG findings
- Breakdown on pathways
- Pacemaker rhythms and rate related changes
- Types of pacemaker rhythms on ECG
- Atrial
- Ventricular
- Dual
- Types of pacemaker rhythms on ECG
- Rate related ECG findings
- ST segment changes
- Rate dependent bundle branch blocks
- Electrical alternans
- Electrolyte Disturbances
- Potassium
- Hyperkalemia
- Hypokalemia
- Calcium
- Hypocalcemia
- Hypercalcemia
- Magnesium
- Hypomagnesemia
- Hypermagnesemia
- Potassium
- WPW and AVRT
- Breakdown on what is Wolff-Parkinson-White
- ECG findings
- Types of accessory pathways
- Atrioventricular re-entrant tachycardia
- Orthodromic
- Visualization of pathway and rhythm
- Antidromic
- Visualization of pathway and rhythm
- Atrial fibrillation with WPW
- Electrical alternans
- Orthodromic
- STEMI Equivalents
- Smith-Sgarbossa criteria
- De Winter’s T waves
- Wellen’s Syndrome
- RBBB + LAFB
- aVR elevation
- Isolated posterior MI
- STEMI Mimics
- Hyperkalemia
- LBBB and Ventricularly paced rhythms
- Early repolarization
- LVH
- Pericarditis
- Hypothermia
- Brugada
- Cardiomyopathies
- Yamaguchi Syndrome (Apical cardiomyopathy)
- Takotsubo cardiomyopathy
- Advanced topics
- Tetralogy of Fallot
- Anomalous left coronary artery from the pulmonary artery (ALCAPA)
- Cerebral T waves
- Dextrocardia
- TCA overdose
- Atrial septum defect
- Crochetage sign
- Pulmonary embolism
- Cardiac tamponade
- Electrical alternans
- Spiked helmet sign
- Digoxin toxicity